Mad Hedge Technology Letter
July 12, 2018
Fiat Lux
Featured Trade:
(NEWSPAPERS REALLY KNOW WHO YOU ARE),
(TRNC), (AMZN), (FB), (GOOGL), (USPS), (SFTBY)
Mad Hedge Technology Letter
July 12, 2018
Fiat Lux
Featured Trade:
(NEWSPAPERS REALLY KNOW WHO YOU ARE),
(TRNC), (AMZN), (FB), (GOOGL), (USPS), (SFTBY)
Mad Hedge Technology Letter
July 11, 2018
Fiat Lux
Featured Trade:
(MASAYOSHI SON'S VISION TO TAKE OVER THE WORLD),
(SFTBY), (BABA), (NVDA)
Mad Hedge Technology Letter
July 10, 2018
Fiat Lux
Featured Trade:
(THE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE CONUNDRUM),
(TSLA), (AMZN), (FB)
Mad Hedge Technology Letter
July 9, 2018
Fiat Lux
Featured Trade:
(HOW ENVIRONMENTALISTS MAY KILL OFF BITCOIN),
(BTC), (ETH), (TWTR), (SQ)
If Jack Dorsey's proclamation that bitcoin will be anointed the global "single currency," it could spawn a crescendo of pollution the world has never seen before.
In a candid interview with The Times of London, Dorsey, the workaholic CEO of Twitter (TWTR) and Square (SQ), offered a 10-year time horizon for his claim to come to fruition.
The originators of cryptocurrency derive from a Robin Hood-type mentality circumnavigating the costly fees and control associated with banks and central governments.
Unfolding before our eyes is a potential catastrophe that knows no limits.
Carbon emissions are on track to cut short 153 million lives as environmental issues start to spin out of control while the world's population explodes to 9.7 billion in 2050, from 8.5 billion people in 2030, up from the 7.3 billion today.
All these people will need to barter in bitcoin, according to Jack Dorsey.
Cryptocurrency is demoralizingly energy intensive, and the recent institutional participation in crypto server farms will exacerbate the environmental knock on effects by displacing communities, destroying wildlife, and climate-changing carbon emissions.
This seemingly controversial means to outmaneuver the modern financial system has transformed into a murky arms race among greedy cryptocurrency miners to use the cheapest energy sources and the most efficient equipment in a no-holds-barred money grab.
Bitcoin and Ethereum mining combined energy consumption would place them as the 38th-largest energy consuming country in the world - if they were a country - one place ahead of Austria.
Mining a bitcoin adjacent to a hydropower dam is not a coincidence. In fact, these locales are ground zero for the mining movement. The common denominator is the access to cheap energy usually five times cheaper than standard prices.
Big institutions that mine cryptocurrency install thousands of machines packed like a can of sardines into cavernous warehouses.
In 2015, a documentary detailed a large-scale foreign mining operation with an electricity outlay of $100,000 per month creating 4,000 bitcoins. These are popping up all over the world.
An additional white paper from a Cambridge University study uncovered that 58% of bitcoin mining comes from China.
Cheap power equals dirty power. Chinese mining outfits have bet the ranch on low-cost coal and hydroelectric generators. The carbon footprint measured at one mine per day emitted carbon dioxide at the same rate as five Boeing 747 planes.
The Chinese mining ban in January set off a domino effect with the Chinese mining operations relocating to mainly Canada, Iceland, and the United States.
Effectively, China has just exported a tidal wave of new pollution and carbon emissions.
Bitcoin is mined every second of every day and currently has a supply of approximately 17 million today, up from 11 million in 2013.
Bitcoin's electricity consumption has been elevated compared to alternative digital payment currencies because the dollar price of bitcoin is directly proportional to the amount of electricity that can profitably be used to mine it.
To add more granularity, miners buy more servers to maintain profitability then upgrade to more powerful servers. However, the new calculating power simply boosted the solution complexity even faster.
Mines are practically outdated upon launch, and profitability could only occur by massively scaling up.
Consumer grade personal computers are useless now because the math problems are so advanced and complicated.
Specialized hardware called Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) is required. These mining machines are massive, hot, and guzzle electricity.
Bitcoin disciples would counter, describing the finite number of bitcoins - 21 million. This was part of the groundwork laid down by Satoshi Nakamoto (a pseudonym), the anonymous creator of bitcoin, when he (or they) constructed the digital form of money.
Nakamoto could not have predicted his digital experiment backfiring in his face.
The bottom line is most people use bitcoins to literally create money out of thin air in digital form, rather than using it as a monetary instrument to purchase a good or service.
That is why people mine cryptocurrency, period.
Now, excuse me while I go into the weeds for a moment.
Enter hard fork.
A finite 21 million coins is a misnomer.
A hard fork is a way for developers to alter bitcoin's software code. Once bitcoin reaches a certain block height, miners switch from bitcoin's core software to the fork's version. Miners begin mining the new currency's blocks after the bifurcation, creating a new chain entirely and a brand spanking new currency.
Theoretically, bitcoin could hard fork into infinite new machinations, and that is exactly what is happening.
Bitcoin Cash was the inaugural hard fork derived from the bitcoin's blockchain, followed by Bitcoin Gold and Bitcoin Diamond.
Recently, the market of hard fork derivations includes Super Bitcoin, Lightning Bitcoin, Bitcoin God, Bitcoin Uranium, Bitcoin Cash Plus, Bitcoin Silver, and Bitcoin Atom.
All will be mined.
The hard fork phenomenon could generate millions of upstart cryptocurrency server farms universally planning to infuse market share because new currencies will be forced to build up a fresh supply of coins.
If Peter Thiel's prognostication of a 20% to 50% chance of bitcoin's price rising in the future is true, it could set off a cryptocurrency server farm mania.
By the way, Thiel also believes that there is a 30% chance that Bitcoin could go to zero.
A surge in price of bitcoin results in mining cryptocurrency operations everywhere by any type of electricity, especially if the surge maintains price stability. Even mining in Denmark, where one finds the world's costliest electricity at $14,275 per bitcoin, would make sense.
Recently, miners' appetite for power is causing local governments to implement surcharges for extra infrastructure and moratoriums on new mines. Even these mines built adjacent to hydro projects are crimping the supply lines, and consumers are forced to buy power from outside suppliers. Miners are often required to pay utility bills months in advance.
By July 2019, mining will possibly need more electricity than the entire United States consumes. And by February 2020, bitcoin mining will need as much electricity as the entire world does today, according to Grist, an environmental news website.
Geographically, most locations around the world were profitable based on May's bitcoin price of $10,000.
However, the sudden slide down to $6,556.55 reaffirms why the Mad Hedge Technology Letter avoids this asset class like the plague.
The most unrealistic operational locations are distant, tropical islands, such as the Cook Islands at $15,861, to mine one bitcoin.
If you'd like to drop your life and make a fortune mining bitcoin, then Venezuela is the most lucrative at $531 per bitcoin.
As bitcoin's nosedive perpetuates, Venezuela might be the last place on earth with mining farms.
Who doesn't like free money? Set up a few devices, crank up the power, collect the coins, pay off the electricity bill, pocket the difference and hopefully the world - or Venezuela - hasn't keeled over by then.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
Quote of the Day
"If privacy is outlawed, only outlaws will have privacy," - said Philip R. "Phil" Zimmermann, Jr., creator of the most widely used email encryption software in the world.
Mad Hedge Technology Letter
July 6, 2018
Fiat Lux
Featured Trade:
(HOW THE COBALT SHORTAGE WILL LEAD TO THE $2,000 IPHONE),
(AAPL), (SSNLF), (CMCLF), (FCX), (VALE), (GLNCY), (VLKAY), (BMWYY)
Hello $2,000 iPhone.
Flabbergasted consumers reacted last holiday season when Apple dared offer a $1,000 smartphone.
How confident this company has become!
Well, this is just the beginning.
Apple (AAPL) will be the first smartphone maker to offer a $2,000 phone, and I will tell you why!
The tech industry is going through a cumbersome wave of repricing after several high-profile debacles underscoring the true value of data.
The upward revision of data has seen more players pour into the game attempting to carve out a slice of the pie for themselves.
The reason why tech companies will start offering products at higher price points is because the inputs are rising at a rapid clip.
Apple's Development and Operations (DevOps) costs to design and maintain this outstanding product is going through the roof.
Apple's DevOps employees earn around $145,000 (before tax) per year and compensation is rising. Granted, the technology is developing and batteries are smaller, but salaries are rising at a quicker relative pace because of the dire shortage of DevOps talent in Silicon Valley.
It's possible that living in a shoebox at $4,200 per month in Mountain View, Calif., is off-putting for potential staff.
The most expensive part of an iPhone X is the OLED screen.
Apple estimated costs of $120 per screen manufacturing the Apple iPhone X. The cost doubled from LCD panels from $60 per screen.
Samsung (SSNLF) has been best of breed for screens for a while, and it is currently working on the next generation of Micro LED tech, which is the next gap up from the OLED displays of today.
Samsung has an inherent conflict of interest with Apple, creating tension between these tech stalwarts. Apple made the contentious decision to procure in-house screens at a secret manufacturing facility in Santa Clara, Calif., to avoid the constant friction.
It's common knowledge that the average price of technology shrinks over time, but the American smartphone industry has defied gravity with expected prices rising 6% to $324 in 2018.
The Apple iPhone X raw costs were around $400 per phone. There is zero chance that a next gen, enhanced Apple smartphone will cost this low ever again.
Confirming this trend are Chinese smartphones retail prices rising at 15% last year.
The cost of memory, DRAM and NAND chips, rose dramatically this past year too. As more memory is crowbarred into the design process, the costs keep trending higher.
Lithium-ion batteries only add up to 1% to 2% of OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturers) cost and probably only bumps up the cost of iPhones incrementally.
The more skittish situation is the EV (Electric Vehicles) snafu spiking total demand.
Volkswagen (VLKAY) announced its most wide-ranging electrification plans ever.
In order to achieve this lofty objective, Volkswagen has earmarked $25 billion for batteries from Samsung, LG, and Contemporary Amperex.
All told, the final investment in batteries will amount to $70 billion and another $25 billion in capital investment.
Volkswagen hopes to have 16 up and running (EV) factories by 2022, up from three today.
All told, this company will bring 80 new EV models to market by 2025.
The goal is unattainable because of a lack of in-house battery production.
CEO Matthias Muller said the reason for not manufacturing in-house batteries was, "Others can do it better than we can."
Muller will rue the decision down the line as a myriad of companies migrate toward in-house solutions, giving firms more control over the process and overhead.
More importantly, Muller will have to rely on the ebb and flow of rising cobalt prices.
A battery for an (EV) ranges between $8,000 to $20,000, comprising the largest input for the (EV) makers such as Tesla (TSLA) and Ford (F).
Making matters worse, companies cut from all cloth are hoarding cobalt reserves based on anticipating the potential demand.
This phenomenon will cause all big tech players to replenish any reserves of base materials immediately.
Apple has had chip shortage problems in the past. This year is even worse than 2017, with NAND and DRAM chip supply trailing demand by 30%.
Tech companies have been hastily locking down contracts in advance to ensure the necessary materials to produce their flashy gadgets on a highly pressurized deadline.
Lithium battery demand is expected to rise 45% between 2017 and 2020, and there has been no meaningful large-scale investment into this industry.
Battery production made up 51% of cobalt demand in 2016 and will hit around 62% by 2022.
Compounding the complexity is 60% of global cobalt production is found in one country - the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC).
DRC is a hotspot for geopolitical fallout and its history is littered with civil war, internal conflict, and poor infrastructure.
The 21st century will be dependent on a chosen group of valuable materials. Cobalt is shaping up to be the leader of this pack and is needed in a plethora of business applications such as EVs, lithium-ion batteries, and PCs.
Cobalt is vital in metallurgical applications that include aerospace rotating parts, military and defense, thermal sprays, prosthetics, and much more.
The DRC recently proposed a revised mining law increasing taxes on cobalt and other precious metals. The legislation has yet to be written into stone and would certainly jack up the price of cobalt.
Everybody wants a cut of the cobalt game.
Glencore's (GLNCY) management has noted this mining tax is "challenging" at a time it is just completing its Katanga expansion.
Katanga has the potential to become the largest global copper and cobalt producer.
Copper is equally important to cobalt since cobalt production is a by-product of copper and nickel mining. Only 2% of cobalt results directly from cobalt mining, and 60% via copper mining, and 38% via nickel mining.
Last year, Freeport-McMoRan (FCX) was dangling its cobalt project to outside investors in the DRC but was unable to fetch a premium price.
In a blink of an eye, China Molybdenum Co. (CMCLF) swooped in and (FCX) accepted an offer of $2.65 billion. (FXC) used the sale to pay down debt while the price of cobalt has taken off to the moon.
It gets worse. China owns 80% of refined global cobalt production and 90% of its operations are in the DRC.
China is attempting to corner the cobalt market in the DRC, gaining a stranglehold on future technological devices, (EV)s, and big data.
The keys to future technological hegemony lie in the sparsely inhabited jungles of the DRC. China has the first mover advantage and backing of the communist party as (CMCLF) strives to be a global dominator in cobalt production.
China has smartly wriggled its way down to the bottom of the supply chain capturing cobalt resources. If a trade war ensues, China can simply cut off cobalt supply lines to whomever.
There is nothing CFIUS or Donald Trump can do about it.
America's 14% of global cobalt production will be insufficient to produce the new (EV)s, iPhone 11s, gizmos and gadgets that American consumers have grown to embrace.
Analysts expected Apple to acquire some supplementary companies aiding in expansion following the overseas repatriation.
A thriving software outfit or a company of cloud developers would have sufficed. However, reports streaming in that Apple has entered into negotiations to buy a five-year supply of cobalt directly from miners for the first-time underscores where Apple's priorities lie.
Cobalt demand expects to increase by 30% from 2016 to 2020.
Apple is scared it will be locked out of the cobalt market or forced to pay ludicrous prices for its cobalt needs.
Considering the price of cobalt has quadrupled since June 2016, and smartphones are 25% of the cobalt market, it's a strategically prudent move by Apple's CEO Tim Cook in light of BMW (BMWYY) announcing the need of 10X more cobalt by 2025.
Going forward anything comprised of cobalt-based technology will garner a higher premium resulting in higher prices for consumers including that $2,000 iPhone.
(FCX) is a must buy for those who believe precious metals are the foundation to all future technology. Other intriguing names include Brazilian company Vale S.A. (VALE), and Glencore, the largest Swiss company by revenue.
Or if you have the cash, plunk it down on a cobalt mine in the DRC. But only if you're insane.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
Quote of the Day
"Heavier-than-air flying machines are impossible," - said Lord Kelvin, President of the Royal Society, in 1895.
Mad Hedge Technology Letter
July 5, 2018
Fiat Lux
Featured Trade:
(THE HIGH COST OF DRIVING OUT OUR FOREIGN TECHNOLOGISTS),
(EA), (ADBE), (BABA), (BIDU), (FB), (GOOGL), (TWTR)
There is only so much juice you can squeeze from a lemon before nothing is left.
Silicon Valley has been focused mainly on squeezing the juice out of the Internet for the past 30 years with intense focus on the American consumer.
In an era of minimal regulation, companies grew at breakneck speeds right into families' living quarters and it was a win-win proposition for both the user and the Internet.
The cream of the crop ideas was found briskly, and the low hanging fruit was pocketed by the venture capitalists (VCs).
That was then, and this is now.
No longer will VCs simply invest in various start-ups and 10 years later a Facebook (FB) or Alphabet (GOOGL) appears out of thin air.
That story is over. Facebook was the last one in the door.
VCs will become more selective because brilliant ideas must withstand the passage of time. Companies want to continue to be relevant in 20 or 30 years and not just disintegrate into obsolescence as did the Eastman Kodak Company, the doomed maker of silver-based film.
The San Francisco Bay Area is the mecca of technology, but recent indicators have presaged the upcoming trends that will reshape the industry.
In general, a healthy and booming local real estate sector is a net positive creating paper wealth for its local people and attracting money slated for expansion.
However, it's crystal clear the net positive has flipped, and housing is now a buzzword for the maladies young people face to sustain themselves in the ultra-expensive coastal Northern California megacities.
The loss of tax deductions in the recent tax bill make conditions even more draconian.
Monthly rental costs are deterring tech's future minions. Without the droves of talent flooding the area, it becomes harder for the industry to incrementally expand.
It also boosts the costs of existing development/operations staffers whose capital feeds back into the local housing market buying whatever they can barely afford for astronomical prices.
Another price spike ensues with first-time home buyers piling into already bare-bones inventory because of the fear of missing out (FOMO).
After surveying HR tech heads, it's clear there aren't enough artificial intelligence (A.I.) programmers and coders to fill internal projects.
Compounding the housing crisis is the change of immigration policy that has frightened off many future Silicon Valley workers.
There is no surprise that millions of aspiring foreign students wish to take advantage of America's treasure of a higher education because there is nothing comparable at home.
The best and brightest foreign minds are trained in America, and a mass exodus would create an even fiercer deficit for global dev-ops talent.
These U.S.-trained foreign tech workers are the main drivers of foreign tech start-ups.
Dangling carrots and sticks for a chance to start an embryonic project in the cozy confines of home is hard to pass up.
Ironically enough, there are more A.I. computer scientists of Chinese origin in America than there are in all of China.
There is a huge movement by the Chinese private sector to bring everyone back home as China vies to become the industry leader in A.I.
Silicon Valley is on the verge of a brain drain of mythical proportions.
If America allows all these brilliant minds to fly home, not only to China but everywhere else, America is just training these workers to compete against American workers.
A premier example is Baidu co-founder Robin Li who received his master's degree in computer science from the State University of New York at Buffalo in 1994.
After graduation, his first job was at Dow Jones & Company, a subsidiary of News Corp., writing code for the online version of the Wall Street Journal.
During this stint, he developed an algorithm for ranking search results that he patented, flew back to China, created the Google search engine equivalent, and named it Baidu (BIDU).
Robin Li is now one of the richest people in China with a fortune of close to $20 billion.
To show it's not just a one-hit-wonder type scenario, three of the top five start-ups are currently headquartered in Beijing and not in California.
The most powerful industry in America's economy is just a transient training hub for foreign nationals before they go home to make the real moola.
More than 70% of tech employees in Silicon Valley and more than 50% in the San Francisco Bay Area are foreign, according to the 2016 census data.
Adding insult to injury, the exorbitant cost of housing is preventing burgeoning American talent from migrating from rural towns across America and moving to the Bay Area.
They make it as far West as Salt Lake City, Reno, or Las Vegas.
Instead of living a homeless life in Golden Gate Park, they decide to set up shop in a second-tier American city after horror stories of Bay Area housing starts populate their friends' Instagram feeds and are shared a million times over.
This trend was reinforced by domestic migration statistics.
Between 2007 and 2016, 5 million people moved to California, and 6 million people moved out of the state.
The biggest takeaways are that many of these new California migrants are from New York, possess graduate degrees, and command an annual salary of more than $110,000.
Conversely, Nevada, Arizona, and Texas have major inflows of migrants that mostly earn less than $50,000 per year and are less educated.
That will change in the near future.
Ultimately, if VCs think it is expensive now to operate a start-up in Silicon Valley, it will be costlier in the future.
Pouring gasoline on the flames, Northern California schools are starting to fold like a house of cards due to minimal household formation wiping out student numbers.
The dire shortage of affordable housing is the region's No. 1 problem.
A 1,066-sq.-ft. property in San Jose's Willow Glen neighborhood went on sale for $800,000.
This would be considered an absolute steal at this price, but the catch is the house was badly burned two years ago. This is the price for a teardown.
When you combine the housing crisis with the price readjustment for big data, it looks as if Silicon Valley has peaked or at the very least it's not cheap.
Yes, the FANGs will continue their gravy train, but the next big thing to hit tech will not originate from California.
VCs will overwhelmingly invest in data over rental bills. The percolation of tech ingenuity will likely pop up in either Nevada, Arizona, Texas, Utah, or yes, even Michigan.
Even though these states attract poorer migrants, the lower cost of housing is beginning to attract tech professionals who can afford more than a burned down shack.
Washington state has become a hotbed for bitcoin activity. Small rural counties set in the Columbia Basin such as Chelan, Douglas, and Grant used to be farmland.
The bitcoin industry moved three hours east of Seattle for one reason and one reason only - cost.
Electricity is five times cheaper there because of fluid access to plentiful hydro-electric power.
Many business decisions come down to cost, and a fractional advantage of pennies.
Globalization has supercharged competition, and technology is the lubricant fueling competition to new heights.
Once millennials desire to form families, the only choices are regions where housing costs are affordable and areas that aren't bereft of tech talent.
Cities such as Las Vegas and Reno in Nevada; Austin, Texas; Phoenix, Arizona; and Salt Lake City, Utah, will turn into hotbeds of West Coast growth engines just as Hangzhou, China-based Alibaba (BABA) turned that city into more than a sleepy backwater town with a big lake at its center.
The overarching theme of decentralizing is taking the world by storm. The built-up power levers in Northern California are overheated, and the decentralization process will take many years to flow into the direction of these smaller but growing cities.
Salt Lake City, known as Silicon Slopes, has been a tech magnet of late with big players such as Adobe (ADBE), Twitter (TWTR), and EA Sports (EA) opening new branches there while Reno has become a massive hotspot for data server farms. Nearby Sparks hosts Tesla's Gigafactory 1 along with massive data centers for Apple, Alphabet, and Switch.
The half a billion-dollars required to build a proper tech company will stretch further in Austin or Las Vegas, and most of the funds will be reserved for tech talent - not slum landlords.
The nail in the coffin will be the millions saved in state taxes.
The rise of the second-tier cities is the key to staying ahead of the race for tech supremacy.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
Quote of the Day
"Twitter is about moving words. Square is about moving money," - said CEO of Twitter, Jack Dorsey, to The New Yorker, October 2013.
Mad Hedge Technology Letter
July 3, 2018
Fiat Lux
Featured Trade:
(HERE'S AN EASY WAY TO PLAY ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE),
(BOTZ), (NVDA), (ISRG)
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